前言

静态路由有5个主要的参数：目的地址和掩码、出接口和下一跳、优先级。

实验拓扑图

[静态路由主备备份.png

1、配置各接口所属VLAN

配置SwitchA。SwitchB和SwitchC的配置与SwitchA类似。

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<HUAWEI> system-view
[HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA
[SwitchA] vlan batch 10 30
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type access
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port default vlan 30
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit

2、配置各VLANIF接口的IP地址

配置SwitchA。SwitchB和SwitchC的配置与SwitchA类似。

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[SwitchA] interface vlanif 10
[SwitchA-Vlanif10] ip address 10.1.4.1 30
[SwitchA-Vlanif10] quit
[SwitchA] interface vlanif 30
[SwitchA-Vlanif30] ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[SwitchA-Vlanif30] quit

3、配置主机

配置主机PC1的缺省网关为10.1.1.1，主机PC2的缺省网关为10.1.2.1，主机PC3的缺省网关为10.1.3.1。

4、配置静态路由

在SwitchA配置IP缺省路由。

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[SwitchA] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.2

在SwitchB配置两条IP静态路由。

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[SwitchB] ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.1
[SwitchB] ip route-static 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.6

在SwitchC配置IP缺省路由。

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[SwitchC] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.5

5、验证配置结果

查看SwitchA的IP路由表。

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[SwitchA] display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib, T - to vpn-instance
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 7        Routes : 7
 
Destination/Mask    Proto  Pre  Cost   Flags   NextHop      Interface
 
        0.0.0.0/0    Static 60   0        RD    10.1.4.2     Vlanif10
        10.1.1.0/24  Direct 0    0         D    10.1.1.1     Vlanif30
        10.1.1.1/32  Direct 0    0         D    127.0.0.1    Vlanif30
        10.1.4.0/30  Direct 0    0         D    10.1.4.1     Vlanif10
        10.1.4.1/32  Direct 0    0         D    127.0.0.1    Vlanif10
      127.0.0.0/8    Direct 0    0         D    127.0.0.1    InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32   Direct 0    0         D    127.0.0.1    InLoopBack0

使用ping命令验证连通性。

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[SwitchA] ping 10.1.3.1
  PING 10.1.3.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=62 ms
    Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=63 ms
    Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=63 ms
    Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=62 ms
    Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=62 ms

  --- 10.1.3.1 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 ms

使用Tracert命令验证连通性。

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[SwitchA] tracert 10.1.3.1
 traceroute to  10.1.3.1(10.1.3.1), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break
 1 10.1.4.2 31 ms  32 ms  31 ms
 2 10.1.3.1 62 ms  63 ms  62 ms

6、配置文件

SwitchA的配置文件

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#
sysname SwitchA
#
vlan batch 10 30
#
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 10.1.4.1 255.255.255.252
#
interface Vlanif30
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 30
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.2
#
return

SwitchB的配置文件

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#
sysname SwitchB
#
vlan batch 10 20 40
#
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 10.1.4.2 255.255.255.252
#
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 10.1.4.5 255.255.255.252
#
interface Vlanif40
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 40
#
ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.1
ip route-static 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.6
#
return

SwitchC的配置文件

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#
sysname SwitchC
#
vlan batch 20 50
#
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 10.1.4.6 255.255.255.252
#
interface Vlanif50
 ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 50
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.5
#
return