报错场景

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CentOS 7.9中执行yum命令，出现报错：坏的解释器：权限不够`

错误原因

  • 原因是系统Python版本从2.x升级到3.x导致的兼容性冲突。yum文件中的Python解释器路径为2.7版本。

解决问题

查看系统版本

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~]# cat /etc/centos-release                 #查看系统版本
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

下载安装包

阿里云镜像库 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages

自行替换自己的系统版本，找到wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm下载即可

拷贝安装包进行安装

将下载好的wget安装包拷贝到对应的目录，然后cd到对应目录执行以下命令
如：拷贝到/home下之后，执行 cd /home,然后安装即可
rpm -ivh wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm

安装yum

卸载python

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##强制删除已安装程序及其关联
rpm -qa|grep python|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps

##删除所有残余文件 ##xargs，允许你对输出执行其他某些命令
whereis python |xargs rm -frv -rf

##验证删除，返回无结果
whereis python

删除yum

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rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps
whereis yum |xargs rm -frv -rf

下载依赖包

能联网的话直接复制运行即可（注意下载路径，会下载到当前路径下），如果不能联网就自己手动下载然后拷贝到服务器上

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wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/lvm2-python-libs-2.02.187-6.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages//python-libs-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-ipaddress-1.0.16-2.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-backports-1.0-8.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-backports-ssl_match_hostname-3.5.0.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.11.3-45.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-aliases-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-protectbase-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm

安装替换依赖

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~]# rpm -ivh --nodeps --force *.rpm

测试

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~]# yum
已加载插件：aliases, fastestmirror, protectbase
您需要给出命令
Usage: yum [options] COMMAND

List of Commands:

alias          Adds or lists aliases
check          检查 RPM 数据库问题
check-update   检查是否有可用的软件包更新
 ~]# python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Oct 14 2020, 14:45:30) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

yum源处理

删除yum源

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~]# rm -rf /etc/yum/.repos.d/*

下载阿里云yum源

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~]#  wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d/ http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

拷贝yum源

把下载好的Centos-7.repo拷贝到/etc/yum.repos.d/下，没有该文件夹就手动新建一个

清除和生成yum缓存

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## 清除缓存
yum clean all

## 生成缓存
yum makecache